Features of Lysosomes
Features of Lysosomes: Structure: Lysosomes are small, spherical vesicles enclosed by a single membrane. They contain hydrolytic enzymes that are capable of breaking down almost all types of biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. Function: Intracellular Digestion: Lysosomes digest excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. This process is known as autophagy. Waste Removal: They help in removing waste materials and cellular debris by breaking them down into simpler compounds, which can either be reused by the cell or expelled as waste. Cellular Defense: Lysosomes play a role in protecting the cell by destroying harmful bacteria and viruses that invade the cell. Enzymes: The enzymes within lysosomes are called acid hydrolases. These enzymes work best in the acidic environment inside the lysosome (pH around 4.5-5.0), which is much lower than the pH of the cytosol (around 7.2). Formation: Lysosomes are forme...